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Decortication: An Overview

Decortication is a surgical procedure designed to remove thickened pleural layers or fibrous tissues surrounding the lungs, chest wall, or diaphragm. This intervention is often required when these tissues restrict lung expansion, leading to impaired respiratory function. The procedure aims to restore normal lung mechanics and improve overall breathing efficiency.

Indications for Decortication

Decortication is typically performed in cases of chronic empyema (infected pleural effusion), pleural thickening caused by infections such as tuberculosis, or following unresolved pneumothorax. Patients suffering from malignant mesothelioma or other pleural diseases that impair lung function may also benefit from this procedure.

Preparation and Diagnostic Evaluation

Before the procedure, a comprehensive diagnostic assessment is conducted. This includes imaging techniques such as chest X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to evaluate the extent of pleural involvement. Pulmonary function tests are often performed to assess the lung's capacity and ensure the patient is suitable for surgery. Pre-operative counseling helps patients understand the procedure, its benefits, and potential risks.